After completing this experiment, you will be able to:

1. Understand Key Exchange Fundamentals

   • Comprehend the basic principles of secure key establishment over insecure channels
   • Recognize the importance of public-key cryptography in solving the key distribution problem
   • Understand the difference between symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic approaches

2. Master Diffie-Hellman Protocol Operations

   • Perform the complete Diffie-Hellman key exchange process step-by-step
   • Generate private keys and compute corresponding public keys using modular exponentiation
   • Execute the key exchange protocol to establish a shared secret

3. Analyze Mathematical Foundations

   • Understand the role of prime numbers and generators in the Diffie-Hellman protocol
   • Apply modular arithmetic operations (g^x mod p) in cryptographic contexts
   • Recognize how the discrete logarithm problem provides security to the protocol

4. Evaluate Security Properties

   • Identify what information can be safely transmitted over public channels
   • Understand why private keys must remain secret while public keys can be shared
   • Analyze how the protocol achieves security despite public transmission of intermediate values

5. Apply Practical Knowledge

   • Implement the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol in a controlled environment
   • Solve real-world secure communication establishment challenges
   • Evaluate the security and limitations of the Diffie-Hellman protocol in modern cryptography